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Giotto

Posted on January 5, 2000March 7, 2020 by data-art
MissionDate/TimeEvent
giotto1985.07.02.11.23.16Launch on Ariane 1 rocket from Kourou into 199×36,000 parking orbit
giotto1985.07.03.19.23.17Mage solid rocket booster ignites for 55secs, sending Giotto into a heliocentric orbit with a Halley miss distance of 120,000km.
giotto1985.07.04.07.30.00Motor nozzle cover closed
giotto1985.07.06.10.02.00Main antenna despin
giotto1985.08.10.12.00.00Camera switched on. First instrument to be switched on
giotto1985.08.26.12.00.00Trajectory correction manever: 7.4m/sec. Halley miss distance now less than 4,000km
giotto1985.10.13.12.00.00All instruments operative
giotto1985.10.18.12.00.00Giotto takes image of Earth from 20 million km away showing Australia and Antarctica
giotto1986.02.12.12.00.00Trajectory correction maneuver: delta-v 0.566m/sec. Duration of burn: 7min 23sec. Miss distance now 850km +/- 70km.
giotto1986.03.10.20.00.00Final 8 hour dress rehearsal
giotto1986.03.11.12.00.00Mission managers decide on a closest approach distance of 500km +/- 40km
giotto1986.03.12.12.00.00Trajectory correction maneuver: duration 32 minutes. Reducing miss distance to 605km +/- 8km
giotto1986.03.12.21.00.00First detection hydrogen ions (7,800,000 km)
giotto1986.03.12.22.00.00Some images received. Then bulldozer dug up landline at Parkes causing contact with spacecraft to be lost for some time.
giotto1986.03.13.19.40.00Crossing of bowshock (1,064,000 km)
giotto1986.03.13.19.43.00Camera switched on.
giotto1986.03.13.20.15.00Start of formal 4-hour close encounter
giotto1986.03.13.20.55.00First image returned
giotto1986.03.13.22.01.00First dust impact of ~12 000?in total (290,000 km)
giotto1986.03.13.23.58.00Giotto penetrates contact surface (20,100km)
giotto1986.03.13.23.59.44First particle (of 11) to penetrate front shield and impact on back shield.
giotto1986.03.14.00.02.35Dust impact on front shield peaks. Giotto possibly penetrating a jet of particles.
giotto1986.03.14.00.02.44Last image (1,372km)
giotto1986.03.14.00.02.48Spacecraft sent spinning by impact of large (1 gram) particle 8 seconds prior to closest approach, resulting in?loss of signal on?Earth. 600 to 700 grams of spacecraft structure torn away.
giotto1986.03.14.00.02.55Loss of signal due to earlier dust impact
giotto1986.03.14.00.03.02Closest approach to nucleus of Halley (605 km)
giotto1986.03.14.00.35.00Spacecraft stabilised, continuous contact with Earth restored
giotto1986.03.14.00.52.15Detection of last dust impact
giotto1986.03.14.02.15.00End of formal 4-hour close encounter
giotto1986.03.15.02.00.00Instruments turned off
giotto1986.03.19.12.00.00Trajectory correction maneuver: delta-v 63.6m/sec, burn time 4hr 30min
giotto1986.03.20.12.00.00Trajectory correction maneuver: delta-v 46.3m/sec, burn time 4hr 10min
giotto1986.03.21.12.00.00Trajectory correction maneuver: delta-v 2.6m/sec, burn time 16min. Giotto on course for Earth flyby in 1990.
giotto1986.04.02.12.00.00Spacecraft?enters hibernation
giotto1990.02.24.12.00.00Spacecraft reactivated
giotto1990.07.02.12.00.00Earth flyby; observations of Earths magnetic field and energetic particle environment (22,730 km)
giotto1991.02.24.12.00.00Spacecraft?enters hibernation
giotto1992.05.08.12.00.00Spacecraft reactivated
giotto1992.07.10.12.00.00First sign of entering the dust coma (17,000 km)
giotto1992.07.10.12.00.00Detection of first cometary ions (440,000 km)
giotto1992.07.10.15.30.00Closest approach to Grigg-Skjellerup (100 km)
giotto1992.07.23.12.00.00Mission End
giotto1999.01.01.12.00.00Second Earth flyby (spacecraft switched off)

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